ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate and analyze the changes in visual acuity,refractive condition and related influencing factors among the teenager aviation school students in order to ensure the effectiveness of vision surveillance.Methods Four hundred and three students of teenager aviation schools were selected as subjects.The data of their visual changes and refractive condition during the school selection examination and three months after the examination was compared and investigated by questionnaires.The statistics were processed using Wilcoxon's sign rank test and Logistic regression analysis.Results The visual acuity changes were significant (P ＜ 0.05) after only three months at school.The hypopsia rate was 28.79％,and the vision of 9.68％ of the students dropped below 0.8.After mydriasis,the results showed that 27.05％ of the students had refractive errors.Reading posture and food preferences were the two important factors that influenced the visual acuity of the students with short-term vision loss.Conclusion It is important to monitor the vision and refraction regularly to reduce the waste of resources,optimize the selection of potential pilots and develop visual protection measures.Continuous protection,and good visual habits will really help to protect students' vision.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the safety of video-assisted thoracoscopic esophagectomy for esophageal carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2005 to March 2012, 260 patients with esophageal carcinoma received thoracoscopic esophagectomy (TE group), while 322 patients underwent conventional open esophagectomy (OE group). Operative procedures, perioperative complications, reoperation, readmission to intensive care unit (ICU), and perioperative mortality were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with OE group, TE group possessed less thoracic operative time [(105±30) min vs. (112±41) min, P=0.000], less blood loss [(95±48) ml vs. (107±44) ml, P=0.002], shorter postoperative hospital stay [(14.3±7.5) d vs. (16.9±9.5) d, P=0.000] and more lymph node harvest from thorax [(13.5±5.0) vs. (11.6±4.7), P=0.000]. The total perioperative complication rate was lower in TE group than that of OE group (34.6% vs. 45.0%, P=0.011), as well as perioperative mortality (0.8% vs. 3.4%, P=0.032). Lower rate of readmission to ICU (5.4% vs. 10.6%, P=0.024) was found in the TE group as compared to the OE group, while the reoperation rate was comparable (1.5% vs. 2.5%, P=0.425).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Thoracoscopic esophagectomy is advantageous than open procedure in terms of surgical safety.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Esophageal Neoplasms , General Surgery , Esophagectomy , Methods , Retrospective Studies , Thoracoscopy , Methods , Video-Assisted SurgeryABSTRACT
Aim To study the effect of extracts of ginkgo biloba leaves(GbE) on apoptosis in neuronal cells. Methods Primary cerebral cultures from rat fetus were used to observe the activity of neuronal cells and to determine the release of LDH and DNA gel electrophoresis.Results GbE enhanced the activity of neuronal cells, decresed the release of LDH,and relieved the structural changes of nucleus and DNA fragmentation. Conclusion GbE can inhibit apoptosis in neuronal cells.
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Aim The effect of extracts of astralus(EA) on learning, memory and immune function of CTX treated mice was observed.Methods The step-down test was adopted to investigate learning and memory in mice; the method of enveloping CRBC was adopted to explore the function of macrophage in abdominal cavity; 3H-TdR marking method was used to observe the prolifernation of T lymphocytes and the method of ELISA was applied to measure the concentration of IFN-? in blood. Results EA (25 mg?kg-1, 50 mg?kg-1,ig, 21 d ) could boost learning and memory , enhance the phagocytic activity of monocytes and the proliferation of T lymphocytes of CTX treated mice, and increase the concentration of IFN-? in blood of CTX treated mice. Conclusion EA not only promote learning and memory, but regulate immune function.